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Frithjof Schuon
Frithjof Schuon

Frithjof Schuon

Born in Basle, Switzerland in 1907, Frithjof Schuon was the twentieth century’s pre-eminent spokesman for the perennialist school of comparative religious thought.

The leitmotif of Schuon’s work was foreshadowed in an encounter during his youth with a marabout who had accompanied some members of his Senegalese village to Basle for the purpose of demonstrating their African culture. When Schuon talked with him, the venerable old man drew a circle with radii on the ground and explained: “God is the center; all paths lead to Him.” Until his later years Schuon traveled widely, from India and the Middle East to America, experiencing traditional cultures and establishing lifelong friendships with Hindu, Buddhist, Christian, Muslim, and American Indian spiritual leaders.

A philosopher in the tradition of Plato, Shankara, and Eckhart, Schuon was a gifted artist and poet as well as the author of over twenty books on religion, metaphysics, sacred art, and the spiritual path. Describing Schuon’s first book, The Transcendent Unity of Religions, T. S. Eliot wrote:

“I have met with no more impressive work in the comparative study of Oriental and Occidental religion”

Later, world-renowned religion scholar Huston Smith said of Schuon:

“The man is a living wonder; intellectually, apropos of religion, equally in depth and breadth, the paragon of our time.”

Schuon’s books have been translated into over a dozen languages and are respected by academic and religious authorities alike.

More than a scholar and writer, Schuon was a spiritual guide for seekers from a wide variety of religions and backgrounds throughout the world. He died in 1998.

World Wisdom Books/DVDs containing the work of Frithjof Schuon

Frithjof Schuons Online Articles

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TitleAuthor(s)Subject(s)LinkSource
To Have a CenterFrithjof SchuonModernism, Spiritual Life Link to article To Have a Center: A New Translation with Selected Letters
Some Difficulties Found in Sacred ScripturesFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion, Metaphysics, Perennial Philosophy Link to article Form and Substance in the Religions
The Demiurge in North American MythologyFrithjof SchuonAmerican Indian, Cosmology, Metaphysics, Mythology or Legend Link to article The Feathered Sun (1990); also in Logic and Transcendence (2009)
The Delivered One and the Divine ImageFrithjof SchuonArt, Comparative Religion, Hinduism, Metaphysics Link to article Logic and Transcendence (2009)
Some Observations on a Problem of the AfterlifeFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion, Metaphysics Link to article The Essential Frithjof Schuon (2005)
Orthodoxy and IntellectualityFrithjof SchuonHinduism, Metaphysics, Modernism, Perennial Philosophy Link to article Language of the Self (1959, 1999); also in Stations of Wisdom (1961, 1980, 1995)
What Sincerity Is and Is NotFrithjof SchuonSpiritual Life Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 9, No. 4. (Autumn, 1975); also in the book “Prayer Fashions Man”
The Function of Relics (re-titled from “On Relics”)Frithjof SchuonChristianity, Spiritual Life Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion – Vol. 9, No. 3. ( Summer, 1975), also in the book “Esoterism as Principle and as Way”
Letter on ExistentialismFrithjof SchuonMetaphysics, Perennial Philosophy, Tradition Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 9, No. 2. (Spring, 1975); also in the book “The Essential Frithjof Schuon”
Images of Islam (previously titled “Seeds of a Divergence”)Frithjof SchuonComparative Religion, Esoterism, History Link to article Christianity / Islam: Perspectives on Esoteric Ecumenism, A New Translation with Selected Letters
The Perennial PhilosophyFrithjof SchuonPerennial Philosophy Link to article Frithjof Schuon and the Perennial Philosophy
Form and Substance in the ReligionsFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion, Esoterism, Islam, Metaphysics Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 8, No. 3. (Summer, 1974); also in the book “Form and Substance in the Religions”
The Mystery of the Two NaturesFrithjof SchuonChristianity, Metaphysics Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 8, No. 2. (Spring, 1974); also in the book “The Fullness of God”
The Contradiction of RelativismFrithjof SchuonCosmology, Metaphysics, Modernism, Science Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 7, No. 2. (Spring, 1973)
Concerning Proofs of GodFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion, Esoterism, Metaphysics, Perennial Philosophy Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 7, No. 1. (Winter, 1973)
Remarks on the SunnahFrithjof SchuonEsoterism, Islam, Perennial Philosophy, Spiritual Life Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 6, No. 4. (Autumn, 1972)
The Two ParadisesFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion, Cosmology, Esoterism, Perennial Philosophy, Sufism Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 6, No. 3. (Summer, 1972)
Man and CertaintyFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion, Esoterism, Metaphysics, Spiritual Life Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 6, No. 2. (Spring, 1972)
Remarks on some Kings of FranceFrithjof SchuonChristianity, Comparative Religion, History, Spiritual Life Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 6, No. 1. (Winter, 1972)
Oriental Dialectic and its Roots in FaithFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion, Eastern Religion, Inter-faith dialogue Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 5, No. 1. ( Winter, 1971)
Remarks on the Enigma of the KoanFrithjof SchuonBuddhism, Esoterism, Perennial Philosophy, Spiritual Life Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 5, No. 2. ( Spring, 1971)
The Religion of the HeartFrithjof SchuonChristianity, Comparative Religion, Islam Link to article Esoterism as Principle and as Way
The Human Margin (Part 2)Frithjof SchuonChristianity, Comparative Religion, Metaphysics, Perennial Philosophy Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 5, No. 4. ( Autumn, 1971)
The Human Margin (Part 1)Frithjof SchuonChristianity, Comparative Religion, Metaphysics, Perennial Philosophy Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 5, No. 3. ( Summer, 1971)
The Question of Theodicies (revised translation)Frithjof SchuonMetaphysics, Comparative Religion, Cosmology, Perennial Philosophy, Comparative Religion Link to article Form and Substance in the Religions
The Nature and Arguments of Faith (revised translation)Frithjof SchuonComparative Religion, Spiritual Life, Perennial Philosophy Link to article Stations of Wisdom
Christian GnosisFrithjof SchuonChristianity Link to article The Essential Sophia
His Holiness and the Red IndianFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion Link to article the web site of the Shri Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham
Reason Wears a Wizard’s CapFrithjof SchuonMetaphysics Link to article Borderlands of the Spirit
Reflections on Ideological SentimentalismFrithjof SchuonModernism Link to article online edition of the journal “Iqbal Review”
Insights into the Muhammadan PhenomenonFrithjof SchuonIslam Link to article Light on the Ancient Worlds: New Translation with Selected Letters
Religio PerennisFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion Link to article Siena, City of the Virgin: Illustrated
Principles and Criteria of ArtFrithjof SchuonArt Link to article Siena, City of the Virgin: Illustrated
American Indian ShamanismFrithjof SchuonAmerican Indian Link to article Light on the Ancient Worlds: New Translation with Selected Letters
Selections from World Wheel Vol. IFrithjof SchuonPoetry Link to article World Wheel: Poems by Frithjof Schuon Volumes I-III
“Selections from World Wheel Vol. IV”Frithjof SchuonPoetry Link to article World Wheel: Poems by Frithjof Schuon Volumes IV-VII
Selections from Songs without Names Vol. VIIFrithjof SchuonPoetry Link to article Songs without Names: Poems by Frithjof Schuon Volumes VII-XII
Selections from Songs without Names Vol VIFrithjof SchuonPoetry Link to article Songs without Names: Poems by Frithjof Schuon Volumes I-VI
The Spiritual VirtuesFrithjof SchuonMetaphysics Link to article Spiritual Perspectives and Human Facts: A New Translation with Selected by Letters
Selections from Songs for a Spiritual TravelerFrithjof SchuonPoetry Link to article Songs for a Spiritual Traveler: Selected Poems by Frithjof Schuon
Modes of PrayerFrithjof SchuonMetaphysics Link to article Prayer Fashions Man: Frithjof Schuon on the Spiritual Life
Dimensions of PrayerFrithjof SchuonMetaphysics Link to article Prayer Fashions Man: Frithjof Schuon on the Spiritual Life
Diversity of RevelationFrithjof SchuonMetaphysics Link to article Gnosis, Divine Wisdom: A New Translation with Selected by Letters
The Quintessential Esoterism of IslamFrithjof SchuonIslam Link to article Sufism Veil and Quintessence: A New Translation with Selected by Letters
The Particular Nature and Universality of the Christian TraditionFrithjof SchuonChristianity Link to article The Fullness of God: Frithjof Schuon on Christianity
Outline of the Christic MessageFrithjof SchuonChristianity Link to article The Fullness of God: Frithjof Schuon on Christianity
On The Margin of Liturgical ImprovisationsFrithjof SchuonChristianity Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 4, No. 4. ( Autumn, 1970)
The Spiritual Virtues according to St. Francis of AssisiFrithjof SchuonChristianity Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 4, No. 3. ( Summer, 1970)
Concerning a Paradox in the “Divine Comedy”Frithjof SchuonChristianity Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 4, No. 2. ( Spring, 1970)
Dharmakara’s VowFrithjof SchuonBuddhism Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 4, No. 1. ( Winter, 1970)
No Activity Without TruthFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion, Science, Spiritual Life, Tradition Link to article The Betrayal of Tradition: Essays on the Spiritual Crisis of Modernity
Understanding and BelievingFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 3, No. 3. ( Summer, 1969)
Dilemmas of Theological Speculation: With Special Reference to Moslem ScholasticismFrithjof SchuonIslam Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 3, No. 2. ( Spring, 1969)
The Wisdom of the VirginFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 2, No. 3. ( Summer, 1968)
Usurpations of Religious FeelingFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 2, No. 2. ( Spring, 1968)
The Sun DanceFrithjof SchuonAmerican Indian Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 2, No. 1. ( Winter, 1968)
The Impossible ConvergenceFrithjof SchuonChristianity Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 1, No. 4. ( Autumn, 1967)
Nature and Function of the Spiritual MasterFrithjof SchuonComparative Religion Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 1, No. 2. ( Spring, 1967)
Keys to the BibleFrithjof SchuonChristianity Link to article Studies in Comparative Religion, Vol. 1, No. 1. ( Winter, 1967)
Extract from “The Quran and the Sunnah”Frithjof SchuonIslam Link to article Understanding Islam: A New Translation with Selected Letters (Forthcoming)
The Question of ProtestantismFrithjof SchuonChristianity Link to article Christianity/Islam: Perspectives on Esoteric Ecumenism, A New Translation with Selected Letters

Reviews

  • [Schuon is] the most important religious thinker of our century.

    Huston Smith, author of The World’s Religions

  • I have met with no more impressive work in the comparative study of Oriental and Occidental religion.

    T. S. Eliot, on Schuon’s first book, The Transcendent Unity of Religions

  • Schuon’s thought does not demand that we agree or disagree, but that we understand or do not understand. Such writing is of rare and lasting value.

    Times Literary Supplement

  • In reading Schuon I have the impression that I am going along parallel to him, and once in a while I will get a glimpse of what he means in terms of my own tradition and experience.… I think that he has exactly the right view.… I appreciate him more and more.… I am grateful for the chance to be in contact with people like him.

    Thomas Merton, from a letter to Marco Pallis

  • Schuon is unsurpassed — and I would add unequalled — as a writer on comparative religion.… If I were asked who is the greatest writer of our time, I would say Frithjof Schuon without hesitation.

    Martin Lings, author of Ancient Beliefs and Modern Superstitions

  • Schuon seems like the cosmic intellect itself impregnated by the energy of divine grace surveying the whole of the reality surrounding man and elucidating all the concerns of human existence in the light of sacred knowledge.

    Seyyed Hossein Nasr, author of Knowledge and the Sacred

  • [Schuon is in] possession of ‘the gift of tongues’, the ability, that is to say, both to speak and understand the various dialects through which the Spirit has chosen to communicate itself to men in their diversity and therefore, in practice, also the ability to communicate clearly with one’s fellows across the religious frontiers.… [He] exemplifies the power to penetrate all traditional forms as well as to render them mutually intelligible.

    Marco Pallis, author of Peaks and Lamas

  • [Schuon is] widely acknowledged as one of the twentieth century’s greatest authorities on the world’s religions, and the leading spokesman for the traditionalist or perennialist school of comparative religious philosophy. Schuon was the author of over twenty books, as well as numerous articles, letters, texts of spiritual instruction, and other unpublished documents … and by the time of his death in 1998 at the age of ninety, his reputation among many scholars of mysticism, esoterism, and contemplative traditions was unsurpassed. Frithjof Schuon was much more than a scholar, however. An accomplished artist and noted religious poet, he was above all a man of prayer, whose fundamental message, whatever its particular thrust in any given article or chapter, was always linked to the importance of faith and spiritual practice.

    James Cutsinger, author of Advice to the Serious Seeker: Meditations on the Teaching of Frithjof Schuon

  • Frithjof Schuon is well known as one of the greatest metaphysicians of the twentieth century and as Traditionalism’s wisest and most profound exponent.

    Christopher Bamford,author of The Voice of the Eagle: The Heart of Celtic Christianity

  • Schuon … by his universality eludes easy classification, but the concept to which he best answers is that of the Sophia Perennis or Religio Perennis; and the combination of wisdom with spirituality in his message certainly highlights the appropriateness of both terms, which can be synthesized in the idea of Theosophy or Gnosis, provided these words are understood in their original, etymological sense, without reference to any sect, society, or movement.

    Whitall N. Perry, author of A Treasury of Traditional Wisdom

  • For Schuon, philosophy was a wisdom born of certainty, not a skepticism born of doubt. It was not a ‘search’ for answers to badly-put questions, but an exposition of eternal Truth — that ‘wisdom uncreate’ (as St. Augustine called it) which is commonly known as the philosophia perennis.

    William Stoddart, author of Remembering in a World of Forgetting: Thoughts on Tradition and Postmodernism

  • Frithjof Schuon [was] a metaphysician and a spiritual teacher whose … perspective … derived from gnosis, i.e. a spiritual and supra-rational ‘heart-knowledge’ that finds its most direct expression in the primordial and universal wisdom referred to as sophia perennis.

    Patrick Laude, co-author of Frithjof Schuon: Life and Teachings

  • In Schuon’s writings we find the serenity of the vision of ‘that which eternally exists, really and unchangeably,’ outside the temporal which can destroy only itself. His work is full of calm and profound illumination.

    Kathleen Raine, author of Defending Ancient Springs

  • Schuon’s work has a symmetry and an inclusive quality … ; there is a balance and fullness which give his writings something of the quality of a spiritual therapy. In this sense Schuon does not simply write about the perennial philosophy but gives it a direct and fresh expression proportioned to the needs of the age.

    Harry Oldmeadow, author of Traditionalism: Religion in the Light of the Perennial Philosophy

  • The highest praise that I can offer concerning the writings of Frithjof Schuon is that they are worthy of their subject matter — the teachings of the great spiritual traditions. Whether one’s views are supported or challenged by these writings, any serious person will feel grateful to be confronted by such a generously discerning intellect and to witness the emergence of authentic contemplative thought in this darkening time.

    Jacob Needleman, editor of The Sword of Gnosis

  • His work has the intrinsic authority of a contemplative intelligence.

    Bernard Kelly, English Thomist

  • [Schuon] is, without doubt, one of the most penetrating philosophical minds of the twentieth century, if not well beyond.

    Keith Critchlow, author of Islamic Patterns: An Analytical and Cosmological Approach

  • Intellectually rigorous in the highest degree.… There is no other voice like that of Schuon.

    Arthur Versluis, author of Theosophia: Hidden Dimensions of Christianity

  • Frithjof Schuon’s written opus is the very expression of his powerful didactic genius. Through its objectivity and its rigor, it is an answer to the questions raised by contemporary man who finds himself disarmed in the face of the overwhelming certainties of modern science and the climate of nihilism that surrounds him. However, Schuon is not a bookish metaphysician, like so many others, but he is first of all an inspired man of prayer, a true sage, and … a ‘born gnostic’ who tends to fully ‘incarnate his archetype’ by actualizing all his inner riches.

    Jean-Baptiste Aymard, co-author of Frithjof Schuon: Life and Teachings

  • Anyone … who is an artist concerned with the sacred should read him.… I am eternally grateful to him.

    Sir John Tavener, musician and composer